Use these letter signs to write pronunciation — no IPA symbols or slashes needed.
| a | cat, apple, add |
| e | egg, pen |
| i | it, English |
| o | hot, not, odd |
| u | up, oven, touch |
| ā | day, date, rain |
| ē | eel, key, bean |
| ī | ice, sky, light |
| ō | open, boat, note |
| ū | school, rule, soup |
| ʊ | good, wool, cook |
| aw | saw, tall, caught |
| ow | owl, out, cow |
| oy | oil, boy |
| ə | about, item (schwa) |
| ur | urge, word, bird |
| ər | theater, collar |
| aar | car, arm, hard |
| awr | court, corn, war |
| air | care, hair, share |
| aa | father, palm (rare) |
| th | this, that, they, there, than |
| th | think, thin, both |
| sh | she, push |
| ch | chair, beach |
| j | jump, bridge |
| ng | ring, long |
| zh | vision, measure |
| y | yes, your |
| r | run, break |
| hw | when, where, wheel |
| yə | union, onion, valuable |
| yū | music, valuable, juice |
Other letters (b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, p, s, t, v, w, z) sound the same as normal spelling.
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